Carbon capture and storage (CCS) : CO2 basaltic mineralization through the phase transition from gas-solid to aqueous under low reaction kinetics

Abstract

Advances in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies are being increasingly pursued as a means of diminishing the impact of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Mineral carbonation (MC) offers a promising approach to CO2 mitigation by converting CO2 into stable carbonates using natural minerals like basalt. This study investigates the feasibility of carbonation of Segamat basalt, focusing on the transition from gas-solid to aqueous phase under low reaction conditions. A comprehensive experimental approach evaluated the impact of particle size, temperature, reaction duration, liquid-tosolid ratio, and salinity on the carbonation efficiency of each metal oxide and overall CO2 uptake. The results indicated that significant carbonation up to 71% for calcium can still be achieved with larger particle sizes, low temperatures, and low mechanical activation in the presence of adequate saline water. This finding implies the feasibility of industrial-scale MC with reduced energy consumption. By utilizing basalt feedstock as a plenteous and reachable natural resource, this research provides valuable insights into optimizing ex-situ MC processes and contributes to sustainable CO2 sequestration strategies.