Collaboration Governance in the Mining Sector: Achieving Welfare and Sustainability in Aceh Province

Abstract

This research examines the implementation of collaborative governance in Aceh Province's mining sector and its role in promoting community welfare and environmental sustainability. The study explores how government agencies, mining companies, local communities, non-governmental organizations, and academic institutions collaborate to balance economic development, environmental protection, and social welfare. A qualitative case study approach was employed using interviews, field observations, and document analysis. The findings indicate that collaborative governance is supported by stakeholder participation, policy coordination, facilitative leadership, and conflict resolution, enabling diverse actors to address complex mining governance challenges collectively. However, persistent power asymmetries, uneven stakeholder participation, and institutional constraints continue to limit the effectiveness of collaboration. The findings further demonstrate that collaborative governance in Aceh is shaped by the province's special autonomy framework, which redistributes authority across multiple levels of government and encourages distributed facilitative leadership. In addition, five interrelated factors, legal, political, institutional, economic, and socio-cultural, collectively strengthen collaborative governance and contribute to sustainable mining governance.